Civil Engineering Forum

Structural Design and Limit States

Structural Design and Limit States Aims and methods of design Codes state that the aim of design is the achievement of an acceptable probability that the structure will perform satisfactorily during its life. It must

Compacting Factor Test

TeamCivil Concrete, Tests

There is no generally accepted method of directly measuring the amount of work necessary to achieve full compaction, which is a definition of workability. Probably the best test yet available uses the inverse approach: the

Flow Table Test

TeamCivil Concrete, Tests

Flow Table Test This test was covered by BS 1881 : 105 : 1984. The test is appropriate for concrete of high and very high workability, including flowing concrete which would exhibit a collapse slump.

Cement Manufacturing Process

TeamCivil Concrete, Materials

Cement Manufacturing Process History of Cement: Cement is a material which is highly compatible to the earth’s eco-system and most adaptable to sustainable development. Cement is a fine powder which sets after a few hours

Mechanisms of Concrete Confinement

TeamCivil Concrete Design, Structural

Mechanisms of Concrete Confinement Concrete under uniaxial compression tends to expand laterally and the longitudinal strains generated by such loading give rise to transverse tensile strains. which cause vertical cracking and failure in concrete. Lateral

Cracking In Concrete Walls: Causes, Types and Mitigation

TeamCivil Repair

Cracking In Concrete Walls Cracks in concrete walls and slabs are a common occurrence. They appear in floors, driveways, walks, structural beams, and walls. Cracking can not be prevented but it can be significantly reduced

Chloride Ingress into Concrete

TeamCivil Concrete, Durability

For concrete structures in chloride-containing environments, the ingress of chlorides can take place in different ways. Through uncracked concrete, the ingress mainly takes place by capillary absorption and diffusion. When a relatively dry concrete is

Gap-graded Aggregate

TeamCivil Concrete, Materials

ِِِِِAggregate particles of a given size pack so as to form voids that can be penetrated only if the next smaller size of particles is sufficiently small, that is, there is no particle interference. This