Concrete Archives

Effect of Water-to-cement Ratio on Concrete

March 4, 2017 TeamCivil Concrete, Durability

The concept of water-to-cement ratio (w/c) of concrete is a universally fundamental concept and is considered as the oldest law in the concrete technology. The water/cement ratio influences the durability properties of concrete in a

Structural Damage Caused By Reinforcement Corrosion

February 22, 2017 TeamCivil Concrete, Durability

Corrosion of steel in concrete may cause structural damage and early failure of Reinforced Concrete structures. Besides the volume increase and cover spalling due to corrosion (Figure 1), it negatively influences, the flexural, shear, and

Corrosion Damage Stages During Service Life

February 22, 2017 TeamCivil Concrete, Durability

In 1982, Tuutti proposed that deterioration due to steel reinforcement corrosion can be represented by a two stage model (Figure 1). The first stage is associated with corrosion initiation, in which detrimental substances (such as

Permeability of Concrete

February 22, 2017 TeamCivil Concrete, Durability

In general, permeability is defined as “the property that controls the rate of flow of a fluid into the porous solid”. Regarding concrete, the difficulty of the migration of the liquid and gas through the concrete

What is Concrete Durability?

February 19, 2017 TeamCivil Concrete, Durability, Properties

Concrete structures are designed to achieve a certain service life. For instance, bridges are designed to achieve a 100 – 120 years of service. However, concrete life can be compromised or ended before the specified life.

Portland Cement: Compounds and Hydration

February 19, 2017 TeamCivil Concrete, Materials

The word “cement” itself is a general word means “a glue” while “portland cement” is a more specific type of glue that is used in the civil engineering construction. The most important feature of the portland

Types of Concrete Admixtures

February 17, 2017 TeamCivil Concrete, Properties

Before stating the types of concrete admixtures, let us start first by the definition of “Admixtures”. According to ACI Committee 116, an admixture is ‘a material other than water, aggregates, hydraulic cement, and fiber reinforcement, used

How to Reduce Bleeding in Concrete?

February 16, 2017 TeamCivil Concrete, Properties

Bleeding is the development of a layer of water at the top or surface of freshly placed concrete. The cause of bleeding is the settlement of solid particles (such as cement and aggregates) and the simultaneous